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Man Ray (Emmanuel Radnitzky, born in 1890 in Philadelphia/USA, died 1976 in Paris) was a leading figure in the Dada and Surrealist movements. He is the inventor of 'rayographs' (photograms).
Dadaism, Surrealism, Photography, painting, objects, collages, film, photomontages, photograms "Rayogrammes"
http://www.moma.org/artists/3716
http://www.artnet.com/artists/man-ray